Science Sources: Detection and Attribution

Climate Signals tracks detection and attribution studies in real time. Below is an updating database of studies that find the fingerprint of human-caused climate change on observed trends and events. The database is limited to studies of local significance in the United States and studies of global significance. For a broader database of peer-reviewed studies and organizational reports on climate change trends, please see all Science Sources.

Search or browse our collection of detection and attribution studies below, or learn more about detection and attribution studies.

Title Source Date Author(s)
Using present-day observations to detect when anthropogenic change forces surface ocean carbonate chemistry outside preindustrial bounds Biogeosciences Sutton, Adrienne J., Sabine, Christopher L., Feely, Richard A., Cai, Wei-Jun, Cronin, Meghan F., McPhaden, Michael J., Morell, Julio M., Newton, Jan A., Noh, Jae-Hoon, Ólafsdóttir, Sólveig R., Salisbury, Joseph E., Send, Uwe et al
Internal variability versus anthropogenic forcing on sea level and its components Surveys in Geophysics Marta Marcos, Ben Marzeion, Sönke Dangendorf, Aimée B. A. Slangen, Hindumathi Palanisamy, Luciana Fenoglio-Marc
Quantifying anthropogenic and natural contributions to thermosteric sea level rise Geophysical Research Letters Marta Marcos, Angel Amores
Anthropogenic forcing dominates sea level rise since 1850 Geophysical Research Letters S. Jevrejeva, A. Grinsted, J. C. Moore
Anthropogenic forcing dominates global mean sea-level rise since 1970 Nature Climate Change Aimée B. A. Slangen, John A. Church, Cecile Agosta, Xavier Fettweis, Ben Marzeion, Kristin Richter
Isolating the anthropogenic component of Arctic warming Geophysical Research Letters Petr Chylek, Nicholas Hengartner, Glen Lesins, James D. Klett, Ole Humlum, Marcia Wyatt, Manvendra K. Dubey
One hundred years of Arctic surface temperature variation due to anthropogenic influence Scientific Reports John C. Fyfe, Knut von Salzen, Nathan P. Gillett, Vivek K. Arora, Gregory M. Flato, Joseph R. McConnell
Human influence on Arctic sea ice detectable from early 1990s onwards Geophysical Research Letters Seung‐Ki Min, Xuebin Zhang, Francis W. Zwiers, Tom Agnew
Attribution of Arctic temperature change to greenhouse-gas and aerosol influences Nature Climate Change Mohammad Reza Najafi, Francis W. Zwiers, Nathan P. Gillett
Causes of atmospheric temperature change 1960–2000: A combined attribution analysis Geophysical Research Letters Gareth S. Jones, Simon F. B. Tett, Peter A. Stott
Attribution of regional‐scale temperature changes to anthropogenic and natural causes Geophysical Research Letters Peter A. Stott
Multimodel Multisignal Climate Change Detection at Regional Scale AMS Journal of Climate Xuebin Zhang
Detection of human influence on twentieth-century precipitation trends Nature Xuebin Zhang, Francis W. Zwiers, Gabriele C. Hegerl, F. Hugo Lambert, Nathan P. Gillett, Susan Solomon, Peter A. Stott, Toru Nozawa
Attributing intensification of precipitation extremes to human influence Geophysical Research Letters Xuebin Zhang, Hui Wan, Francis W. Zwiers, Gabriele C. Hegerl, Seung‐Ki Min
Attribution of observed historical near‒surface temperature variations to anthropogenic and natural causes using CMIP5 simulations Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Gareth S. Jones, Peter A. Stott, Nikolaos Christidis
Detection of Anthropogenic Climate Change in the World's Oceans Science Tim P. Barnett, David W. Pierce, Reiner Schnur
Global ocean warming tied to anthropogenic forcing Geophysical Research Letters Reichert, Bernhard K.; Schnur, Reiner; Bengtsson, Lennart
Quantifying anthropogenic influence on recent near-surface temperature change Surveys in Geophysics M. R. Allen, N. P. Gillett, J. A. Kettleborough, G. Hegerl, R. Schnur, P. A. Stott, G. Boer, C. Covey, T. L. Delworth, G. S. Jones, J. F. B. Mitchell, T. P. Barnett
Causes of twentieth-century temperature change near the Earth's surface Nature Simon F. B. Tett, Peter A. Stott, Myles R. Allen, William J. Ingram, John F. B. Mitchell
Multi-fingerprint detection and attribution analysis of greenhouse gas, greenhouse gas-plus-aerosol and solar forced climate change Climate Dynamics G. C. Hegerl, K. Hasselmann, U. Cubasch, J. F. B. Mitchell, E. Roeckner, R. Voss, J. Waszkewitz