Science Sources: Detection and Attribution

Climate Signals tracks detection and attribution studies in real time. Below is an updating database of studies that find the fingerprint of human-caused climate change on observed trends and events. The database is limited to studies of local significance in the United States and studies of global significance. For a broader database of peer-reviewed studies and organizational reports on climate change trends, please see all Science Sources.

Search or browse our collection of detection and attribution studies below, or learn more about detection and attribution studies.

Title Source Date Author(s)
Towards the detection and attribution of an anthropogenic effect on climate Climate Dynamics Benjamin D. Santer, Karl E. Taylor, Tom M. L. Wigley, Joyce E. Penner, Philip D. Jones, Ulrich Cubasch
Trends in Weather Extremes World Weather Attribution Geert Jan van Oldenborgh
Tropical Cyclones and Climate Change Assessment: Part I Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Thomas Knutson, Suzana J. Camargo, Johnny C. L. Chan, Kerry Emanuel, Chang-Hoi Ho, James Kossin, Mrutyunjay Mohapatra, Masaki Satoh, Masato Sugi, Kevin Walsh, and Liguang Wu
Twentieth-century hydroclimate changes consistent with human influence Nature Kate Marvel, Benjamin I. Cook, Céline J. W. Bonfils, Paul J. Durack, Jason E. Smerdon, A. Park Williams
U.S. Heat, February 2017 World Weather Attribution Geert Jan van Oldenborgh, Andrew King, Friederike Otto, Gabriel Vecchi, Claudia Tebaldi, and Heidi Cullen
Unnatural Coastal Floods: Sea level rise and the human fingerprint on U.S. floods since 1950 Climate Central Benjamin H. Strauss, Robert E. Kopp, William V. Sweet, Klaus Bittermann
Unprecedented climate events: Historical changes, aspirational targets, and national commitments Science Advances Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Deepti Singh, and Justin S. Mankin
Unusually high temperatures at the North Pole, winter 2016 World Weather Attribution
Using present-day observations to detect when anthropogenic change forces surface ocean carbonate chemistry outside preindustrial bounds Biogeosciences Sutton, Adrienne J., Sabine, Christopher L., Feely, Richard A., Cai, Wei-Jun, Cronin, Meghan F., McPhaden, Michael J., Morell, Julio M., Newton, Jan A., Noh, Jae-Hoon, Ólafsdóttir, Sólveig R., Salisbury, Joseph E., Send, Uwe et al
Water and energy budgets of hurricanes: Case studies of Ivan and Katrina Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Trenberth, Kevin E., Davis, Christopher A., Fasullo, John
Widespread persistent changes to temperature extremes occurred earlier than predicted Scientific Reports Chao Li, Yuanyuan Fang, Ken Caldeira, Xuebin Zhang, Noah S. Diffenbaugh and Anna M. Michalak